selden



J. B. .DOUGHBRTY. Hoop.

No. 233,487. Patented Oct. 19,1880.

N PETERS, PHOTO-UTHOGRAPNER, WASHINGTON D C [UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. DOUGHERTY, OF ROCHESTER, ASSIGNOR TO BURRELL, IVES 82; 00. AND DAVID E. BURRELL, OF LITTLE FALLS, NEW YORK.

HOOP.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,487, dated October 19, 1880.

Application filed December 29, 1879.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. DOUGHERTY, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hoops; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referro ence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to improve that class of hoops used upon coopers ware I 5 which are formed by making radial cuts around the periphery of the log at such a distance apart as will give the necessary material in thickness for the finished hoop, while the cut is of sufficient depth to form its width.

It will be seen that by cutting the material from the log in this manner the yearly layers or laminae, caused by the growth of the tree, present their edges to the outer and inner surfaces of the hoop, which brings the fiber of the wood into the best possible position to allow of the hoops being bent to the required circle Without danger of breaking or cracking upon the outside. This method of cutting the hoop from the log is also the most economical,there being scarcely any waste, as the thin edge of the finished hoop is formed from that edge of the blank which is nearest the heart of the tree, and is consequently thinner than the outer edge, the lines of the cuts being upon 9: the radii of a circle; and the invention consists in the new article of manufacture, as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a hoop. Fig. 2 is a crosssection of a hoop, the inner side of which is roughly finished by means of a saw. Fig. 3 shows a similar section of the hoop, the inner face of which is smoothly finished by planing; and Fig. 4: is a view of the inner side of a hoop roughly finished, as shown in section by Fig. 2.

I prefer to out these hoops from the log upon a machine for which Letters Patent of the United States No. 203,429 were granted to me on the 7th day of May, 1878; but they maybe out by any machine capable of producing the hoop from the log by two cutsone radial, or nearly so, and the other at or approaching a right angle to the first.

These unfinished hoops require dressing upon both sides to fit them for use upon flourbarrels or other smooth work, which finishing I perform in the following manner:

To produce the outer side, a, of the hoop with its smooth surface and rounded edges it is passed through a planing-machine the cylinders of which are provided with knives whose edges correspond in shape withacross-section of that which is to be given to the outer surface of the hoop. This finishes the outside, but it is still too thick, and has not the proper bevel upon its inner side, I), to make it fit the taper of a barrel. In order to complete the hoop it is therefore necessary to remove a portion from that part which is to form the inner side, and this may be done by removing the excess of material by means of a saw. The saw causes the hoop to retain its position upon the staves without slipping, which is a difficulty frequently experienced in the use of hoops having a smoothly-dressed inner face. Different means have been heretofore used to obviate this difficulty, such as applying chalk to the outer surface of the staves or inside of the hoop, and nailing the hoop to the staves as soon as it was driven to its place upon the barrel or other article.

The use of these devices for holding the hoop in place is wholly obviated by my invention, as the roughness of the inner sur- 8 face of the hoop, when finished by the saw, is such as to hold it firmly in any position to which it may be driven, the projections left upon the hoop by the saw-teeth becoming embedded in the surface of the stave to such an extent as to prevent any movement of one upon the other, except by the application of considerable force.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

As a new article of manufacture, a hoop in In testimony that I claim the foregoing I which the edges of the layers of wood are have hereunto set my hand this 2d day of Depresented at right; angles, or nearly so, to the ccmher, 1879.

faces of the hoop, which is provided with a JOHN B. DOUGHERTY. 5 smooth rounded dress upon its outer surface Witnesses:

and with a rough head-dress upon its inner GEO. B. SELDEN,

surface, substantially as shown and described. J AS. F. GORDON. 

